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| PRESSEFRIHEDEN I FARE?
- THE FREEDOM OF THE PRESS ENDANGERED? |
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27. januar 2004
Vi er mange, der har gået og krydset fingre for pressefriheden,
for demokratiet og for Zambia. Årsagen var et pragteksempel på
politisk satire, hvor satirikeren Roy Clarke virkelig var bidende morsom
og befriende ondskabsfuld fra først til sidst (efter dansk standard
vel at mærke!). Men det var lige ved at koste ham en udvisning efter
40 år i Zambia.
I får historien (på engelsk), men som baggrund skal I lige
vide,
• at præsident Mwanawasa tilbragte julen i Mfuwe Lodge, en
meget dyr lodge inde i selve South Luangwa National Park, hvorfra han
holdt en optimistisk juletale.
• at Mfuwe (ligesom Petauke) ligger i Eastern Province, som angiveligt
er blevet udsultet, fordi folk her ikke har stemt på præsidenten
og hans parti MMD,
• at præsident Mwanawasa (der er aldeles enorm både
i højde og drøjde) blev valgt med kun 29% af stemmerne.
• at der kører en retssag, fordi oppositionen (og valgobservatører)
mener, han kun vandt pga. valgsvindel.
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The Post, 01.01.2004
Roy Clarke – The Spectator
(Tilskueren)
Mfuwe
He lumbered out of the state lodge, staggered
towards the massive wooden chair that had been made ready for him, and
fell backwards into it. His dishevelled safari suit was unbuttoned,
and his huge belly hung over his trousers. In front of him sat all the
assembled animals of Mfuwe, waiting for the Great Elephant Muwelewele
to begin his Christmas Message. (Muwelewele er
Bemba og betyder “useless”)
’Distinguished elephants, honourable hippos, mischievous monkey,
parasitic politicians, bureaucratic buffaloes, and other anonymous animals,’
he began. ‘I have just returned from one of my very brief visits
to Lusaka, in order to be with you at this time of celebration. My message
to you is that the last year has been a resounding economic success,
and Mfuwe has never been more prosperous.’
‘Ee ee eeyee,’ squealed the monkeys, dancing around in circles,
and waggling their bottoms, each painted with a picture of the Great
Elephant. (Et utal af kvinder har fået
chitenger (afrikanske “slå-om-nederdele”) tæt
dekoreret med billeder af præsidenten, og de fejrer ham ved at
danse – og kvinderne vrikker meget med numsen, når de danser)
[Female supporters are given chitenges with the president's picture
all over and they celebrate him by dancing].
’When I was elected,’ continued Muwelewele, ‘I promised
that only those constituencies (valgkredse)
that voted for me would see development (udvikling).
That is why Mfuwe is the only constituency that has seen development.’
‘Iwe wakhonza!’ shouted the crowd. (Det
er Nyanja, og betyder: “You have succeeded!”)
’All the humans in the rest of this country refused to vote for
me, so they have had no share in our marvellous development!’
‘Chabwino!’ (=Okay!) shouted the crowd.
‘It was only you, my friends from the game park (vildtparken),
who went out there and brought in twenty-nine percent of the vote [Pres
Mwanawasa got 29% of the votes]. The snakes of the Shushushu slithered
into the ballot boxes (stemmeurnerne)
and stuffed them with votes. The horrible hyenas were our trusted party
cadres who chased away the opposition voters. Our reliable rhinos moved
the polling stations (valgstederne) to
unknown places in the forest. And our merry monkeys played hide and
seek (legede skjul) with the voters
cards (stemmekortene).’
‘Hurray!’ laughed the crow. ‘The law of the jungle!’
‘So now the MMD [the President's party] is the Movement for Mfuwe
Development. All my development programmes are located in Mfuwe, and
all my appointments (udnævnelser)
have been from amongst you. The previous government would not put you
in government, saying you were just monkeys and crocodiles, who shouldn’t
even be given the vote.’
‘Chamanyazi!’ (Hvilken skændsel!)
[What a disgrace!]
’But I have changed all that. I have nominated hippos to parliament
(Præsidenten udnævner selv 8 parlamentsmedlemmer)
[The president himself appoints 8 members to the National Assembly],
and made them my ministers! I have appointed jackals as my district
administrators (den øverste i distrikterne)
[the DA, the head of the districts is appointed by the president],
and put the long-fingered baboons (bavianer)
in charge of the Treasury (statskassen).
I have put the knock-kneed (kalveknæede)
giraffe in charge of agriculture (landbruget),
the hungry crocodile in charge of child welfare, and the red-lipped
snake in charge of legal reforms (lovreformer).
And best of all, the pythons are now fully employed, squeezing the taxpayers
(skatteyderne)!’
‘One family, one government!’ cheered the crow. ‘One
hippo one minister!’ (Kenneth Kaunda,
der altid sørgede for at udnævne ministre fra alle store
stammer, indførte mottoet: One Zambia, one nation! Mwanawasa
beskyldes for kun at udnævne familie og venner.) [Kenneth
Kaunda, who appointed ministers from all tribes to avoid tribal divison,
introduced Zambia's motto: One Zambia, One Nation! Pres. Mwanawasa is
accused of nepotism by some critics]
’Our beloved Mfuwe,’ said Muwelewele solemnly, ‘is
now a state within the state. We control everything in the rest of the
country. Everything is now run for our benefit. I am pleased to report
that the past year has been the best ever. Just as the others are becoming
thinner, so we in the game park are becoming fatter. As hospitals fall
down in the rest of the country, so we are building veterinary clinics
(dyreklinikker) all over Mfuwe.’
‘Wehwehweh!’ squealed the baboons, running up to the Great
Elephant and showing him their big red bottoms.
‘I am truly overwhelmed by this show of affection,’ said
the Great Muwelewel, holding his handkerchief to his nose.
‘Education is another of our great success stories,’ continued
Muwelewele. ‘The heartless humans built schools and universities
for themselves, but provided absolutely nothing for the animals in Mfuwe.
We are now reversing this situation (Det laver
vi helt om på nu!). By closing these schools we now have
the funds to send our monkeys abroad to Harvard (dyrt
universitet). They are studying for MBAs, degrees in Manipulating
Budget Allocations.’(kandidateksaminer
i at manipulere med bevillingerne - MBA = Master of Business Administration,
ca. cand. merc.)
‘Just as employment (beskæftigelsen)
is falling rapidly amongst the humans, so it is increasing rapidly here
in Mfuwe. Just as factories are closing in the remainder of the country,
so they are increasing here. I have declared Mfuwe a tax-free zone,
and our new manufacturing industry (fremstillingsindustri)
will soon be exporting directly to South Africa. A new bridge across
the Luangwa (River) is already under construction for this purpose.’
‘Our Saviour,’ (Vor Frelser)
shouted the crowd. ‘A new saviour is born! A New Deal! A New Direction!
Let’s roast a few street kids, and have a real feast!’
(Mwanawasa kalder sit politiske ”program”
for New Deal) {Pres Mwanawasa calls his political platform "New
Deal"]
_______
The Jumbo glided to a halt at Lusaka International Airport. Out came
the Great Leader Muwelewele, lumbering down the steps like an elephant.
A reporter managed to thrust a microphone in front of him.
‘Your Divine Majesty (Deres guddommelige
majestæt.), how did you enjoy your holiday in Mfuwe?’
’What!’ exploded the Great Leader, his face turning purple
with rage. ‘I was not on holiday! This was a very busy working
trip, to look at current economic developments in Mfuwe, which has already
been privatised. Shoprite (sydafrikansk ejet
supermarkeds-kæde for de velhavende – jeg handler der selv)
[South African chain of supermarkets for people who can afford
to buy] has already bought the place, and they are busy putting in an
abattoir (slagteri) and meat processing
factory (kødforarbejdnings-virksomhed).
We are already building the bridge across the Luangwa, for direct export
of game meat (vildtkød) to South
Africa!’
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Mfuwe Lodge
- den mest luksuriøse lodge inde i South Luangwa National Park,
hvor præsident Kenneth Kaunda plejede at tilbringe sine ferier,
og præsident Mwanawasa tilbragte sin jul i 2003 og holdt sin officielle
juletale, der fik Roy Clarke til at skrive "Mfuwe".
Mfuwe Lodge
- the most luxurious lodge inside South Luangwa National Park, where
President Kenneth Kaunda used to spend his holidays and President Mwanawasa
spent his Christmas holidays in 2003 and gave his official Cristmas
speech, which prompted Roy Clarke to write "Mfuwe"
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Source: Forum on China-Africa Co-operation
Præsident Mwanawasa
er en imponerende stor mand, som jeg så, mens jeg var i Petauke
(Fangerne fra Petauke Fængsel havde fyldt alle de frygtelige huller
i vejen med jord for hans skyld - hvor jeg mente, at hvis de havde ladet
være, var der måske blevet gjort noget ved dem. Men i dag
er vejen op til Petauke by nu alligevel blevet renoveret)
President Mwanawasa
is an impressively huge man, whom I happened to see during my stay in
Petauke (The convicts of Petauke Prison had filled all the terrible
potholes with dirt for his benefit - where I thought that if they hadn't,
something might have been done about them! All the same, the road to
Petauke Township has now been rehabilitated)
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Først da jeg så
landbrugsministeren på min sidste arbejdsdag på
Petauke District Council, forstod jeg Roy Clarke's billede med den kalveknæede
giraf, der var sat til at styre landbruget. Ministeren er meget lang og
tynd - og kalveknæet. Men han lød nu til at være en
ret fornuftig mand!
It was not until I saw the
Minister of Agriculture on my last day at work at Petauke District
Council that I understood Roy Clarke's metaphor "the knock-kneed
giraffe in charge of agriculture". The Minister is very tall and
slim - and knock-kneed. He did sound like a man of sense, though!
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Min datter og Luangwa-floden,
der danner grænsen til South Luangwa National Park og fortsætter
ned igennem hele Zambia, til den flyder ud i Zambezi-floden, som så
fortsætter østpå gennem Mozambique ud til Det indiske
Ocean.
My daughter and the
Luangwa, which borders on South Luangwa National Park and flows
all the the way through Zambia down to the Zambezi, which then bends
eastwards and continues through Mozambique into the Indian Ocean
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Post Scriptum
Dagen efter Clarkes
udvisningsordre blev hans klumme genoptrykt i The Post, denne gang med
den zambiske redaktør som "forfatter”. Roy Clarke selv
gik under jorden, indtil domstolene omstødte hans udvisningsordre.
:o)
The Spectator (UK), 10 Jan 2004 by Hugh
Russell
Monkey Business (Abbreviated)
…Our minister of home affairs, the Honourable
Ronnie Shikapwasha - issued Roy with a 24-hour deportation notice. At
the weekend a squad of security men turned up at Roy's home to escort
him to the airport but found him gone. The next day Minister Shikapwasha
confirmed, 'It is true that Mr Clarke has gone into hiding, but we will
get him. He will not hide for a long time.' Shades of the search for Saddam,
one might feel. But Shikapwasha is probably right. Where in this country
can a middle-aged white man be securely hidden? In a hole in the ground?
Not in the rainy season.
Meanwhile we have a good old-fashioned freedom-of-the-press controversy
on our hands, and everyone is pitching in. Government ministers and other
political hacks are predictably censorious. And equally predictably, our
political 'cadres' have taken to the streets, waving their badly written
banners and parading a coffin with 'Roy Clarke' written on it.
The anger is, one has to say, understandable. As Roy Clarke himself must
have known, his reference to monkeys, however kindly and humorously meant,
was bound to be explosive. The worst thing you can call an African is
a monkey. So you don't do it unless you're looking for trouble.
Nonetheless, the deportation decision has outraged the Post newspaper,
the Zambian media and the thousands of Roy Clarke fans. Post editor-in-chief
Fred M'membe was trenchant in his support of his writer. 'I am responsible
and totally answerable for Roy's column,' he declared. 'It's me who published
it, not Roy. Come for me and deport me. If you can't deport me, try some
other silly things. Deporting Roy will be the most stupid thing done by
this government.'
On Monday night, as the hunt for Roy hotted up, M'membe went to the Lusaka
High Court and persuaded Judge Philip Musonda to act to stop the deportation,
pending a judicial review. And in Tuesday's Post M'membe reprinted Roy's
offending column word for word under his own byline...
Roy Clarke – Legal Action
(CPJ; Africa Cases 2004, May 17, 2004)
…The High Court upheld Clarke’s status as a permanent resident
on January 13, and the journalist came out of hiding the following day.
On April 26, the Lusaka High Court annulled
the deportation order against Clarke. Judge Philip Musonda was quoted
by the BBC as saying that the deportation order was unconstitutional and
"unreasonable."…
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